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Glasgow Coma Scale
The Glasgow Coma Scale is based on motor responsiveness, verbal performance, and eye opening to appropriate stimuli. It is designed to assess the depth and duration coma and impaired consciousness. The Glasgow Coma Scale helps to gauge the impact of acute brain damage due to traumatic and/or vascular injuries or infections, metabolic disorders, such as hepatic or renal failure, hypoglycemia, or diabetic ketosis).
Eye Opening Response
- Spontaneous--open with blinking at baseline; 4 points
- To verbal stimuli, command, speech; 3 points
- To pain only (not applied to face); 2 points
- No response; 1 point
Verbal Response
- Oriented; 5 points
- Confused conversation, but able to answer questions; 4 points
- Inappropriate words; 3 points
- Incomprehensible speech; 2 points
- No response; 1 point
Motor Response
- Obeys commands for movement; 6 points
- Purposeful movement to painful stimulus; 5 points
- Withdraws in response to pain; 4 points
- Flexion in response to pain (decorticate posturing); 3 points
- Extension response in response to pain (decerebrate posturing); 2 points
- No response; 1 point
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Categorization
Coma: No eye opening, no ability to follow commands, no word verbalizations (3-8)
Head Injury Classification
Severe Head Injury -- GCS score of 8 or less
Moderate Head Injury -- GCS score of 9 to 12
Mild Head Injury -- GCS score of 13 to 15 |
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